Skeletal Function and Form : Mechanobiology of Skeletal Development, Aging, and Regeneration骨骼功能与形成：骨骼发育、衰老与再生的力学生物学 azw3 极速 lit 地址 下载 rb pdf mobi

This book addresses the role of mechanical factors in the development, adaptation, maintenance, aging, and repair of skeletal tissues such as bones, cartilage, tendons, ligaments, and muscles. The authors show how the normal　develoment of skeletal tissues is influenced by mechanical stimulation beginning in the embryo and continuing throughout life into old age. They also show how degenerative disorders such as arthritis and osteoporosis are regulated by the same mechanical processes that influence development and growth. Skeletal Function and Form bridges important gaps among disciplines and will appeal to a wide audience of bioengineers, zoologists, anthropologists, paleontologists, and orthopedists.

Preface

Chapter 1. Form and Function

Historical Foundation

Skeletal Pattern Formation

Skeletal Evolution

Dermal, Perichondral, and Endochondral Bone

Bony Epiphyses and Sesamoid Bones

Mechanobiology in the Mammalian Skeleton

Human Skeletal Growth and Functional Adaptation

Chapter 2. Skeletal Tissue Histomorphology and Mechanics

Cartilage

Bone

Tendons and Ligaments

Levels of Consideration in Mechanobiology

Stress and Strain

Single-Phase Material Representations

Two-Phase Porous Hydrated Material Representations

Structural Mechanics and Stress Analysis

Chapter 3. Cartilage Differentiation and Growth

Tendon Development and Fibrocartilage Metaplasia

Secondary Cartilage

Joint Surface Morphogenesis

Chapter 4. Perichondral and Periosteal Ossification

Bone Formation

Biological and Mechanobiological Factors

Mathematical Model for Growth and Adaptation

Model Development

Normal Growth and Aging Simulations

Comparisons Between Clinical Data and Simulations

Mechanobiological Effects in Growth and Adaptation

Creating a More Complete Model

Stress/Strain Histories

Site Specificity, Lining Cells, and Time Lags

Chapter 5. Endochondral Growth and Ossification

Morphology and Biology

Biological Factors

Mechanobiological Regulation of Growth and Ossification Patterns

Mechanobiology and Endochonral Ossification Patterns

Development of the Femur

Ossification Patterns in the Sternum

Long Bone Ossification

Epiphyses and Pseudoepiphyses

Chapter 6. Cancellous Bone

Biology and Morphology

A Continuum Model Approach for Mechanically Regulated Remodeling

Normal Development and Adaptation of Cancellous Bone Architecture

Functional Adaptation Caused by Changes in Physical Activities

Modifications in Bone Structure by Biological Factors

Bone Remodeling around Implants

Creating a More Complete Model

Chapter 7. Skeletal Tissue Regeneration

Biology and Mechanobiology

The Bone-Implant Interface

Fracture Healing

Rigid Internal Fixation

Nonrigid Fixation

Pseudarthrosis

Cyclic Compression Osteogenesis vs. Distraction Osteogenesis

Neochondrogenesis and Joint Repair

Chapter 8. Articular Cartilage Development and Destruction

Growth and Ossification Near Joint Surfaces

Articular Cartilage Development and Maintenance

Joint Adaptation and Aging

Osteoarthritis

Chapter 9. Mechanobiology in Skeletal Evolution

Bone Scaling and Developmental Mechanics

Scaling Influences on Joints

Long Bone Cross Sections in Different Taxa

Bony Epiphyses and Growth Plates

Chapter 10. The Physical Nature of Living Things

AppendixA. Material Characteristics

Stress

Strain

Elastic Material Properties

Viscoelasticity and Poroelasticity

Bone

Ligament/Tendon

Cartilage

Appendix B. Structural Characteristics

Strength of Materials Approach

Experimental and Computational Stress Analysis

Appendix C. Failure Characteristics

A Simplification of Material Behavior

Monotonic Material Failure Criteria

Uniaxial Fatigue and Creep Damage

Multiaxial Fatigue

Fatigue and Strain Energy Regulation of Biology

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书籍介绍

The intimate relationship between form and function inherent in the design of animals is perhaps nowhere more evident than in the musculoskeletal system. In the bones, cartilage, tendons, ligaments, and muscles of all vertebrates there is a graceful and efficient physical order. This book is about how function determines form. It addresses the role of mechanical factors in the development, adaptation, maintenance, ageing and repair of skeletal tissues. The authors refer to this process as mechanobiology and develop their theme within an evolutionary framework. They show how the normal development of skeletal tissues is influenced by mechanical stimulation beginning in the embryo and continuing throughout life into old age. They also show how degenerative disorders such as arthritis and osteoporosis are regulated by the same mechanical processes that influence development and growth. Skeletal Function and Form bridges important gaps among disciplines, providing a common ground for understanding, and will appeal to a wide audience of bioengineers, zoologists, anthropologists, palaeontologists and orthopaedists.